PI3K-AKT PATHWAY: REGULATOR OF CELL GROWTH AND SURVIVAL

The PI3K-Akt pathway is a key signaling network that regulates vital cellular processes such as cell growth, survival, metabolism, and motility. It is activated by a variety of extracellular signals, including growth factors, hormones, and nutrients. Once activated, the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) catalyzes the production of PIP3, which in turn activates the serine/threonine kinase Akt. This activation triggers a cascade of downstream effects crucial for cell survival and proliferation.

AnyGenes offers high-quality qPCR arrays specifically designed to analyze the expression of genes involved in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. These solutions enable researchers to perform detailed studies on the pathway’s role in various physiological and pathological conditions, contributing to the development of targeted therapies and disease understanding.

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Upstream activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

KEY COMPONENTS OF PI3K-AKT PATHWAY

PI3K: The enzyme that initiates the pathway by converting PIP2 to PIP3, which is a second messenger that activates Akt.
Akt (Protein Kinase B): A central kinase that transmits signals downstream to regulate key processes like metabolism, cell cycle progression, and anti-apoptosis.
mTOR (Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin): Activated by Akt, mTOR controls protein synthesis and cell growth, linking the pathway to metabolic processes.
PTEN (Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog): A negative regulator of the pathway, PTEN dephosphorylates PIP3, counteracting PI3K activation.

BIOLOGICAL ROLES OF THE PI3K AKT PATHWAY

Cell Growth and Proliferation: The pathway is essential for cellular expansion and division, particularly in response to growth factor stimulation.
Cell Survival: Akt activates various anti-apoptotic proteins, helping cells survive under stress conditions.
Metabolism Regulation: The pathway plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism and lipid synthesis.
Angiogenesis: In endothelial cells, PI3K-Akt signaling supports blood vessel formation, important for tissue repair and tumor growth.

PI3K AKT PATHWAY IN DISEASES

The PI3K-Akt pathway is often dysregulated in a wide range of diseases, including:

Cancer: Mutations and overactivation of the PI3K-Akt pathway contribute to uncontrolled cell growth, resistance to cell death, and metastasis.
Diabetes: Altered regulation of insulin signaling within the pathway can lead to insulin resistance and metabolic disorders.
Neurodegenerative Diseases: Disruption of this pathway has been linked to Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and other neurodegenerative diseases.
Cardiovascular Diseases: The PI3K-Akt pathway regulates cardiac function, and its dysregulation can lead to heart failure and atherosclerosis.

THERAPEUTIC TARGETING OF THE PI3K-AKT

The PI3K-Akt pathway has emerged as a promising target for therapeutic interventions due to its pivotal role in many diseases. In cancer, inhibitors of PI3K, Akt, and mTOR are being developed and tested to suppress tumor growth and overcome resistance to conventional therapies. Similarly, modulation of this pathway is being explored for treating metabolic disorders like diabetes and obesity. In cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, restoring balance in PI3K-Akt signaling holds potential for promoting tissue repair and protecting against cellular damage. Continued research into this pathway is essential for advancing precision medicine and developing novel, targeted treatments.

(1) Jafari M et al. PI3k/AKT signaling pathway: Erythropoiesis and beyond. J Cell Physiol. (2019);234(3):2373-2385.

(2) He Y et al. Targeting PI3K/Akt signal transduction for cancer therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther. (2021);6(1):425.

(3)Liu R et al. PI3K/AKT pathway as a key link modulates the multidrug resistance of cancers. Cell Death Dis. (2020);11(9):797.

(4) Teng Y et al. The PI3K/Akt Pathway: Emerging Roles in Skin Homeostasis and a Group of Non-Malignant Skin Disorders. Cells. (2021);10(5):1219.

(5) Chu E et al. Dysregulated phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling in microglia: shaping chronic neuroinflammation. J Neuroinflammation. (2021);18(1):276.

PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY BIOMARKER LIST

Customize your own signaling pathways (SignArrays®) with the factors of your choice!
Simply download and complete our Personalized SignArrays® information file and send it at [email protected] to get started on your project.

You can check the biomarker list included in this pathway, see below:

Species : Homo sapiens (human)

Signaling Pathways	Product ref	Informations
PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway	AKT1H1	List infos

Species : Mus musculus (mouse)

Signaling Pathways	Product ref	Informations
PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway	AKT1M1	List infos

Species : Rattus norvegicus (rat)

Signaling Pathways	Product ref	Informations
PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway	*******	List In progress...

Species : Sus Scrofa (Pig)

Signaling Pathways	Product ref	Informations
PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway	*******	List In progress...

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