CYTOKINES

Cytokines are a group of short proteins secreted by a variety of distinct cells (all cells of the immune system, as well as endothelial, epithelial and stromal cells) as a means of intercellular communication. They play an essential role in numerous physiological processes including, but not limited to, immune regulation and inflammatory responses through autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine mechanisms ^(1;2).

The cytokines, including interleukins, interferons, tumor necrosis factors, and chemokines, have a variety of pro- and anti-inflammatory effects in the body through a number of biochemical pathways and interactions ⁽³⁾.

Cytokines, chemokines and receptors, their effector T cells and inflammatory mechanisms ⁽⁶⁾ .

CYTOKINES AND DISEASES

The cytokines, as well as their receptors are produced in the organisms under physiological and pathological conditions; they are involved in nearly every response to immunity, inflammation and infection stimuli; recently, they have been closely related to breast cancer metastasis ^(4;2).
Cytokines secreted by both tumor and immune cells could either induce tumor suppression or promote tumor progression ⁽⁵⁾.

Interactions between tumor cells and infiltrating immune cells in the tumor microenvironment ⁽⁵⁾ .

(1) R.A.Prell, J.M.Tarrant. Cytokines: Role in Homeostasis and Disease States. (2018) 428-466..

(2) Lierova A et al. Cytokines and radiation-induced pulmonary injuries. J Radiat Res. (2018) 31.

(3) Monastero RN et Pentyala S. Cytokines as Biomarkers and Their Respective Clinical Cutoff Levels. Int J Inflam. (2017).

(4) Méndez-García LA et al. Breast Cancer Metastasis: Are Cytokines Important Players During Its Development and Progression? J Interferon Cytokine Res. (2018) 13.

(5) Setrerrahmane S, Xu H. Tumor-related interleukins: old validated targets for new anti-cancer drug development. Mol Cancer. (2017) 19;16(1):153.

(6) Kothur K et al. Cytokines in CSF cytokines/chemokines as biomarkers in neuroinflammatory CNS disorders: A systematic review. Cytokine. (2016);77:227-37.

CYTOKINES SIGNALING PATHWAY BIOMARKER LIST

You can custom your own SignArrays® with the genes of interest of your choice, according to your project, you just have to download and complete our Personalized SignArrays® information file and send it at [email protected]

You can check the biomarker list included in this pathway, see below:

Species : Homo sapiens (human)

Human Cytokines

Signaling Pathways	Product ref	Informations
Cytokines	CT1H1	List infos

Species : Mus musculus (mouse)

Mouse Cytokines

Signaling Pathways	Product ref	Informations
Cytokines	CT1M1	List infos

Species : Rattus norvegicus (rat)

Rat Cytokines

Signaling Pathways	Product ref	Informations
Cytokines	*******	List In progress...

Species : Sus Scrofa (Pig)

Pig Adipogenesis

Signaling Pathways	Product ref	Informations
Cytokines	*******	List In progress...

For more information on prices, please click here